minikube提供了一种非常简单的方法来安装单节点的K8S环境，minikube支持多种环境，比如linux，macos，windows都可以，安装的介质也支持多种，默认会使用virtualbox创建虚拟机并安装k8s环境，也可以在启动的时候通过–vm-driver 使用虚拟化技术，目前版本支持的列表，详见：https://github.com/kubernetes/minikube/blob/master/docs/drivers.md#vmware-unified-driver

minikue的工作原理

如何在MacOS中安装minikube

• 安装virtualbox https://www.virtualbox.org/wiki/Downloads

• 安装kubectl https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/tools/install-kubectl/

curl -LO https://storage.googleapis.com/kubernetes-release/release/$(curl -s https://storage.googleapis.com/kubernetes-release/release/stable.txt)/bin/darwin/amd64/kubectlchmod +x ./kubectlsudo mv ./kubectl /usr/local/bin/kubectlkubectl version

• 安装minikube 最新版 https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/tools/install-minikube/

curl -Lo minikube https://storage.googleapis.com/minikube/releases/latest/minikube-darwin-amd64 chmod +x minikubesudo mv ./minikube /usr/local/bin/minikubeminikube version

• 使用minikube开始部署kubernetes

  由于minikube start 开始部署的时候，需要从k8s.gcr.io下载进行，很多情况下会被墙掉，大致报错

E0507 11:28:19.218002  1347 start.go:307] Error caching images:  Caching images for kubeadm: caching images: caching image /Users/yangjunjun/.minikube/cache/images/k8s.gcr.io/k8s-dns-kube-dns-amd64_1.14.13: fetching remote image: Get https://k8s.gcr.io/v2/: dial tcp 108.177.125.82:443: i/o timeout✨  Preparing Kubernetes environment ...❌  Unable to load cached images: loading cached images: loading image /Users/yangjunjun/.minikube/cache/images/k8s.gcr.io/kube-proxy_v1.14.1: stat /Users/yangjunjun/.minikube/cache/images/k8s.gcr.io/kube-proxy_v1.14.1: no such file or directory

解决这个报错有两个办法：

方法一：通过科学上网解决，下面加一下代理配置

export http_proxy="socks5://127.0.0.1:1080"export https_proxy="socks5://127.0.0.1:1080"

完成配置之后使用以下命令部署kubenetes，（需要注意，代理需要你提前配置的，不然这个方法是不行的）

minikube start

方法二：把原版的minikube删除，使用阿里云提供的minikube工具来部署

以下版本minikube 可以安装Kubernetes 1.14+ release：

curl -Lo minikube https://kubernetes.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/minikube/releases/v1.0.0/minikube-darwin-amd64 && chmod +x minikube && sudo mv minikube /usr/local/bin/

以下版本minikube 可以安装Kubernetes 1.9 release

curl -Lo minikube https://kubernetes.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/minikube/releases/v0.25.2/minikube-darwin-amd64 && chmod +x minikube && sudo mv minikube /usr/local/bin/

下载特定minikube版本之后，使用以下命令部署kubenetes

minikube start --registry-mirror=https://registry.docker-cn.com?  minikube v1.0.0 on darwin (amd64)?  Downloading Kubernetes v1.14.0 images in the background ...?  Creating virtualbox VM (CPUs=2, Memory=2048MB, Disk=20000MB) ...? "minikube" IP address is 192.168.99.108?  Configuring Docker as the container runtime ...?  Version of container runtime is 18.06.2-ce⌛  Waiting for image downloads to complete ...✨  Preparing Kubernetes environment ...?  Downloading kubelet v1.14.0 from https://kubernetes.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/kubernetes-release/release/v1.14.0/bin/linux/amd64/kubelet?  Pulling images required by Kubernetes v1.14.0 ...?  Launching Kubernetes v1.14.0 using kubeadm ...⌛  Waiting for pods: apiserver proxy etcd scheduler controller dns?  Configuring cluster permissions ...?  Verifying component health .....?  kubectl is now configured to use "minikube"?  Done! Thank you for using minikube!

部署完成之后，启动dashboard，此时会自动打开默认浏览器

minikube dashboard

如何在CentOS7 中安装minikube

在Centos7 下安装minikube的时候，会使用–vm-driver=none，添加这个参数之后，minikube会直接在当前系统里安装kubenetes，以下介绍主要的步骤

安装docker

yum remove docker-latest-logrotate  docker-logrotate  docker-selinux dockdocker-engineyum install -y yum-utils  device-mapper-persistent-data  lvm2使用docker官方源yum-config-manager   --add-repo   https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repoyum makecache fastyum install docker-ce使用阿里云安装源yum-config-manager --add-repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.reporpm --import https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/gpgyum makecache fastyum -y install docker-ce安装完成启动Dockersystemctl start dockersystemctl status dockersystemctl enable docker

安装kubectl

方法一：yum 方式安装，适合国内环境

cat <<EOF > /etc/yum.repos.d/kubernetes.repo[kubernetes]name=Kubernetesbaseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/repos/kubernetes-el7-x86_64enabled=1gpgcheck=0repo_gpgcheck=0gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/yum-key.gpghttps://mirrors.aliyun.com/ www.dfgjpt.com kubernetes/yum/doc/rpm-package-key.gpgEOFyum install -y kubectlkubectl version

方法二：直接下载bin文件，适合国外环境

curl -Lo  kubectl https://storage.googleapis.com/kubernetes-release/release/$(curl -s https://storage.googleapis.com/kubernetes-release/release/stable.txt)/bin/linux/amd64/kubectlchmod +x kubectlmv kubectl /usr/local/binkubectl version

安装minikube

国外源

curl -Lo minikube https://storage.googleapis.com/minikube/releases/latest/minikube-linux-amd64   && chmod +x minikubemv minikube /usr/local/binminikube version

国内源

curl -Lo minikube https://kubernetes.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/minikube/releases/v1.0.0/minikube-linux-amd64 chmod +x minikube mv minikube /usr/local/bin/minikube version

使用minikube开始部署kubernetes

国外版

minikube start --vm-driver=none

国内版

minikube start --vm-driver=none --registry-mirror=https://registry.docker-cn.com

启动dashboard

为dashboard添加外部访问代理,此处的IP为本地系统IP：

kubectl proxy --port=8001--address='10.0.0.2'--accept-hosts='^.*'&minikube dashboard

通过url: https://10.0.0.2:8001/api/v1/namespaces/kube-system/services/http:kubernetes-dashboard:/proxy/ 访问dashboard。

如何编译安装minikube

编译安装minikube aliyun-v0.25.0版本，该版本支持安装指定版本的Kubernetes，如何编译往下看

#安装go环境yum install -y go#创建源代码目录mkdir -p $GOPATH/src/k8s.io/ #下载代码并编译cd $GOPATH/src/k8s.io/git clone https://github.com/AliyunContainerService/minikubecd minikubegit checkout aliyun-v0.25.0make#拷贝执行文件到/usr/local/binsudo cp out/minikube /usr/local/bin/

编译完成之后，就可以使用minikubes部署Kubernetes环境了,不指定版本的时候，安装Kubernetes v1.9.0

minikube start --registry-mirror=https://registry.docker-cn.com --vm-driver=none#以下都是输出的提示信息

安装不同的Kubernetes版本

# 安装Kubernetes v1.12.1minikube start --registry-mirror=https://registry.docker-cn.com --kubernetes-version v1.12.1 --vm-driver=none# 安装Kubernetes v1.11.3minikube start --registry-mirror=https://registry.docker-cn.com --kubernetes-version v1.11.3 --vm-driver=none

Minikube 常用操作

#查看状态~ minikube statushost: Runningkubelet: Runningapiserver: Runningkubectl: Correctly Configured: pointing to minikube-vm at192.168.99.108#登录虚拟机~ minikubessh            _       _     _     _ ( )      ( )___ ___ (_) ___ (_)| |/') _  _ | |_   __/' _ ` _ `| |/'_`| || , < ( ) ( )| '_` /'__`| ( ) ( ) || || ( ) || || |` | (_) || |_) )( ___/(_) (_) (_)(_)(_) (_)(_)(_) (_)`___/'(_,__/'`____)$ sudo-i# whoamiroot#启动，停止，删除~ minikubestart--registry-mirror=https://registry.docker-cn.com~ minikubestop~ minikube delete#重置,重置之后会清理所有缓存的镜像，重头开始rm-rf~/.minikube#启动Dashboard~ minikube dashboard

注：截止2019/05/07最新版本是minikubeversion:v1.0.1,Kubernetes版本1.14.1